Герундий (The Gerund)

Герундий (The Gerund) – неличная форма глагола, не имеющая соответствия в русском языке.

Формула образования герундия: основа глагола + -ing .

Примеры: read –reading (читать–чтение), swim — swimming (плавать-плавание).

Герундий соединяет в себе черты глагола и существительного.

Черты существительного

1. Может иметь определение (выраженное притяжательным местоимением):
I am surprised at your saying that. - Я удивлен тем, что вы говорите это.

2. Может сочетаться с предлогом: on seeing, after coming, without speaking.

Черты глагола

1. Может иметь прямое дополнение:
I like reading English books. - Я люблю читать английские книги.

2. Может определяться обстоятельством, выраженным наречием:
I like reading quickly. - Мне нравится быстро читать.

3. Имеет перфектную форму:

After having failed English three times he started working hard. - После того как он трижды провалился на экзамене по английскому языку, он начал серьезно работать.

Упражнения

Найдите герундий и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I like sitting in the sunshine. 2. Thank you for helping me. 3. He likes reading detective stories. 4. Stop talking, please. 5. I was surprised at not having heard from you for a month.

A WONDERFUL INVENTION

We live in a world of reinforced concrete. Modern houses and skyscrapers are built of reinforced concrete as are also tunnels, dams and bridges.
Who was the genius that created this wonderful material?
Reinforced concrete was first made in 1861 by the French gardener Monier. He needed tubs, but he had no money to buy them. Monier decided to make the tub from clay like a flower pot.
There was no clay at hand, but he found some cement. Monier began to shape his tub from cement.
For this purpose he took two wooden tubs, one larger than the other, put one into the other and in between poured cement.
When the cement hardened he broke up both wooden tubs and obtained a large cement tub barrel.
The tubs were heavy and bulky, but the trouble was that they were weak.
The gardener had to place iron bars along the tub to make it stronger or, in other words, to reinforce it and put another layer of cement above the bars to make it look nice.
A strange thing happened. The barrel proved to be unusually strong. Then Monier began to make the walls thinner and thinner, and still the barrels remained very strong. This was how reinforced concrete was born.

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